За да компилирате първо трябва да изтеглите Mysql 5.1.40  от ТУК (21.1 MB)
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.40.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.online.bg/

Разархивирате  и конфигурирате mysql 5.1.40:

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql \
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile \
--with-pic --with-fast-mutexes --disable-shared \
--with-big-tables --with-readline --with-plugins=innobase \
--with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-extra-charsets=all

Компилирате и инсталирате mysql 5.1.40:
make && make install

За по- добра сигурност на mysql 5.1.40 да се изпълнява mysql потребител:

sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -g mysql mysql

Проблеми които възникнаха при конфигурирането, компилирането,  инсталирането и стартирането на mysql 5.1.40:

Проблем при конфигурирането:
/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory
config.status: executing default commands
Решение (проблема не е особено сериозен(за мен няма такъв проблем, но така да го кажа)- Проблемът си е проблем) по- долу:

Проблем: При изпълнение на "libtoolize --force"
Using `AC_PROG_RANLIB' is rendered obsolete by `AC_PROG_LIBTOOL'

Решение:
Редактиране на configure.in (в директорията на mysql-5.1) коментирате 230 ред (#AC_PROG_RANLIB) .
Пример на configure.in:

# Still need ranlib for readline; local static use only so no libtool.
#AC_PROG_RANLIB
# We use libtool
#AC_LIBTOOL_WIN32_DLL
AC_PROG_LIBTOOL

Проблем: При изпълнение на "libtoolize --force"
изникна грешка: "You should update your `aclocal.m4' by running aclocal."
Решение: aclocal

Проблем: При изпълнение на aclocal
/usr/share/aclocal/libmcrypt.m4:17: warning: underquoted definition of AM_PATH_LIBMCRYPT
run info '(automake)Extending aclocal'
or see http://sources.redhat.com/automake/automake.html#Extending-aclocal

Решение:
Проблемът е във файл "libmcrypt.m4" или "/usr/share/aclocal/libmcrypt.m4" , ред 17:
AC_DEFUN(AM_PATH_LIBMCRYPT,

За да поправим проблема редактираме 17-ти ред по следния начин:
AC_DEFUN([AM_PATH_LIBMCRYPT],

Проблем: При ./configure
/tmp/mysql-5.1.40/missing: line 54: automake-1.10: command not found
WARNING: `automake-1.10' is missing on your system.  You should only need it if
you modified `Makefile.am', `acinclude.m4' or `configure.in'.
You might want to install the `Automake' and `Perl' packages.
Grab them from any GNU archive site.

Решение: apt-get install automake

Проблем: При стартиране на Mysqld със: /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld --user=mysql &
се получава следната грешка:
[ERROR] Can't find messagefile '/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys'
Решение: ln -s /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/ /usr/share/mysql

alpha:~# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
091026 18:16:16 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/var/alpha.err'.
touch: cannot touch `/usr/local/mysql/var/alpha.err': No such file or directory
chown: cannot access `/usr/local/mysql/var/alpha.err': No such file or directory
091026 18:16:16 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/var
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 100: /usr/local/mysql/var/alpha.err: No such file or directory
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 137: /usr/local/mysql/var/alpha.err: No such file or directory
091026 18:16:16 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/var/alpha.pid ended
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 100: /usr/local/mysql/var/alpha.err: No such file or directory

Решение:
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/var/;
chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/var/;

Проблем при стартиране на mysqld_safe:
091026 18:46:17 [Warning] The syntax '--log' is deprecated and will be removed in MySQL 7.0. Please use

'--general_log'/'--general_log_file' instead.
091026 18:46:17 [Warning] The syntax '--log_slow_queries' is deprecated and will be removed in MySQL 7.0. Please use

'--slow_query_log'/'--slow_query_log_file' instead.

Решение: В /etc/mysql/my.cnf заменяме "log" със "general_log" и "log-slow-queries" със "slow_query_log"

Друг проблем: 091026 18:50:05 [ERROR] /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld: unknown option '--skip-bdb'

Решение: премахвате просто skip-bdb

Стартиране на mysql 5.1.40:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

Спиране на mysql 5.1.40:
/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin shutdown

Примерен конфигурационен файл my.cnf
(Поставям го в /etc/mysql/my.cnf (Допада ми Debian layoute -a). Може да се добави и в /etc/my.cnf . Когато се стартира mysqld_safe той автоматично проверява на тези места за конфигурационен файл и ако го намери го зарежда).:

# The MySQL server 5.1.40. My.cnf generated by amri, Mon Oct 26 19:07:30 EET 2009

[mysqld]
port            = 3306
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 2

# Section Logging
general_log=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
log-bin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
slow_query_log=/var/log/mysql/mysql_slow.log
long_query_time=10

#Section Skip
skip-locking

#Server ID
server-id       = 1

# Optimized
key_buffer = 512M
key_buffer_size = 384M

wait_timeout=360

max_allowed_packet = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

max_connections = 600

join_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
table_cache = 1024
table_open_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 64

query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_type = 1

set-variable = max_connections=1400
set-variable = max_connect_errors=150

[client]
port    = 3306
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

Стойностите които са в този конфигурационен файл са използвани за тестове. Не мога да ги препоръчам за стабилен mysql.

Примерен mysql.server.sh :

#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind

# MySQL daemon start/stop script.

# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
# started and shut down when the systems goes down.

# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.

# Comments to support LSB init script conventions
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start:  2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop MySQL
# Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
### END INIT INFO

# If you install MySQL on some other places than @prefix@, then you
# have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
#
# -- Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory
# -- Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
#   [mysqld]
#   basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>
# -- Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
#   and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
# -- Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
#   below.
#
# If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.

# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

basedir="/usr/local/mysql";
datadir="/var/lib/mysql";

# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf.
# 0 means don't wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900

# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.

# Set some defaults
pid_file="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid";
server_pid_file="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid";
use_mysqld_safe=1
user=@MYSQLD_USER@
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=@prefix@
bindir=@bindir@
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=@localstatedir@
fi
sbindir=@sbindir@
libexecdir=@libexecdir@
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
# *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=

#
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
#
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
. $lsb_functions
else
log_success_msg()
{
echo " SUCCESS! $@"
}
log_failure_msg()
{
echo " ERROR! $@"
}
fi

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin
export PATH

mode=$1    # start or stop
shift
other_args="$*"   # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
# Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
# They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
# of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.

case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
*c*,-n*) echo_n=   echo_c=     ;;
*c*,*)   echo_n=-n echo_c=     ;;
*)       echo_n=   echo_c='\c' ;;
esac

parse_server_arguments() {
for arg do
case "$arg" in
--basedir=*)  basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
;;
--datadir=*)  datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
datadir_set=1
;;
--user=*)  user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;;
--use-manager)     use_mysqld_safe=0;;
esac
done
}

parse_manager_arguments() {
for arg do
case "$arg" in
--pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--user=*)  user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
esac
done
}

wait_for_pid () {
verb="$1"
manager_pid="$2"  # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
i=0
avoid_race_condition="by checking again"
while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do

case "$verb" in
'created')
# wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
test -s $pid_file && i=" && break
;;
'removed')
# wait for this PID-file to disappear
test ! -s $pid_file && i=" && break
;;
*)
echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid"
exit 1
;;
esac

# if manager isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
if test -n "$manager_pid"; then
if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
:  # the manager still runs
else
# The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.
if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
avoid_race_condition=""
continue  # Check again.
fi

# there's nothing that will affect the file.
log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file."
return 1  # not waiting any more.
fi
fi

echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
i=`expr $i + 1`
sleep 1
done

if test -z "$i" ; then
log_success_msg
return 0
else
log_failure_msg
return 1
fi
}

# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults"
else
# Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
conf=/etc/my.cnf
print_defaults=
if test -r $conf
then
subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$'
dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf`
for d in $dirs
do
d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[  ]//g'`
if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
break
fi
if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
break
fi
done
fi

# Hope it's in the PATH … but I doubt it
test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
fi

#
# Read defaults file from 'basedir'.   If there is no defaults file there
# check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#

extra_args=""
if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
else
if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf"
fi
fi

parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`

# Look for the pidfile
parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager`

#
# Set pid file if not given
#
if test -z "$pid_file"
then
pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`@HOSTNAME@`.pid
else
case "$pid_file" in
/* ) ;;
* )  pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;;
esac
fi
if test -z "$server_pid_file"
then
server_pid_file=$datadir/`@HOSTNAME@`.pid
else
case "$server_pid_file" in
/* ) ;;
* )  server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;;
esac
fi

case "$mode" in
'start')
# Start daemon

# Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
cd $basedir

manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager
if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager
then
manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager
elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager
then
manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager
fi

echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0"
then
if test -n "$other_args"
then
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options '$other_args'"
exit 1
fi
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may
# be overwritten at next upgrade.
"$manager" \
--mysqld-safe-compatible \
--user="$user" \
--pid-file="$pid_file" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$?

# Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -w /var/lock/subsys
then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
fi
exit $return_value
elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
then
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
# may be overwritten at next upgrade.
pid_file=$server_pid_file
$bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$?

# Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -w /var/lock/subsys
then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
fi
;;

'stop')
# Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
# root password.

# The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove
lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager

# If the manager pid_file doesn't exist, try the server's
if test ! -s "$pid_file"
then
pid_file=$server_pid_file
lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi

if test -s "$pid_file"
then
mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file`

if (kill -0 $mysqlmanager_pid 2>/dev/null)
then
echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
kill $mysqlmanager_pid
# mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it.
wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$?
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server process #$mysqlmanager_pid is not running!"
rm $pid_file
fi

# delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -f $lock_dir
then
rm -f $lock_dir
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!"
fi
;;

'restart')
# Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
# running or not, start it again.
if $0 stop  $other_args; then
$0 start $other_args
else
log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
exit 1
fi
;;

'reload'|'force-reload')
if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then
read mysqld_pid <  $server_pid_file
kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
touch $server_pid_file
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
exit 1
fi
;;
'status')
# First, check to see if pid file exists
if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then
read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file
if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then
log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 0
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
exit 1
fi
else
# Try to find appropriate mysqld process
mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`
if test -z $mysqld_pid ; then
if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
else
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi
if test -f $lockfile ; then
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists"
exit 2
fi
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
exit 3
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
exit 4
fi
fi
;;
*)
# usage
echo "Usage: $0  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}  [ MySQL server options ]"
exit 1
;;
esac

exit 0

Ще бъдат кратък, че "много е сложно":
apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade

#Заменяте etch със lenny
vim /etc/apt/sources.list
:%s/etch/lenny

apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade && reboot

Случвало ли ви се е да направите php файл с тагове

<?
echo "asd";
?>

и този същия файл да не се изпълнява като php, а като html. Причината е, че в настройките на php е указано да се ползва само тагa "<?php
, а не краткия вариант "<?".

За да се предостави възможност да ползваме отварящи тагове "<?php" и "<?" трябва да редактираме php.ini и да направим следната промяна:

; This directive determines whether or not PHP will recognize code between
; <? and ?> tags as PHP source which should be processed as such. It's been
; recommended for several years that you not use the short tag "short cut" and
; instead to use the full <?php and ?> tag combination. With the wide spread use
; of XML and use of these tags by other languages, the server can become easily
; confused and end up parsing the wrong code in the wrong context. But because
; this short cut has been a feature for such a long time, it's currently still
; supported for backwards compatibility, but we recommend you don't use them.
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: Off
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/short-open-tag
short_open_tag = On

Няма да конкретизирам проект или сървър, но ще кажа, че таблицата tablicaX беше локната. За целта реших да проверя каква е MyISAM или InnoDB:

mysql> show create table tablicaX;
ERROR 1033 (HY000): Incorrect information in file: './bazaX/tablicaX.frm'

Не става ясно каква е таблицата. Добре. Реших да предположа, че е масовия енжин MyISAM и направих следното:

myisamchk -r '/var/lib/mysql/bazaX/tablicaXs.frm';
myisamchk: error: '/var/lib/mysql/bazaX/tablicaX.frm' is not a MyISAM-table

На практика нещо определено не е в час,  но какво ?!

Отговорът отново е прост: В my.cnf открих skip-innodb .

Просто си активирате InnoDB енжина и всичко е наред. Кофти е, че MySQL не алармира за спирането на InnoDB engine, но той все пак не е пророк :)