Мартин Петров Blog

Един приятел  с Debian си сложил статични настройки на мрежовата карта, но сега иска те да се взимат по DHCP. Преди да направим да си взима адреса по DHCP ще покажа как е при статичния метод:

Файл: /etc/network/interfaces

auto eth4
allow-hotplug eth4
iface eth4 inet static
address 172.16.30.4
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 172.16.30.1
broadcast 172.16.37.255
gateway 172.16.30.1

Сега ще ви покажа как се прави да си взима адреса по DHCP:

auto eth4
iface eth4 inet dhcp

Това е всичко.

Идеята е, че имаме доставчика (в този случай) и искаме да разпределим връзката между тях, чрез iproute. Това решение разбира се, не е особено добро, но за временно решение става. Ето го и решението:

#!/bin/bash
#Create Multiple Uplinks. Written by amri [ www.mpetrov.net ]

#ISP 1
isp0_ip="10.10.10.2";
isp0_gw="10.10.10.1";
isp0_network="10.10.10.0/24";
isp0_iface="eth0";
isp0_netmask="255.255.255.0";

#ISP 2
isp1_ip="192.168.1.2";
isp1_gw="192.168.1.1";
isp1_network="192.168.1.0/24";
isp1_iface="eth0:10";
isp1_netmask="255.255.255.0";

#Create tables
rt_tables="/etc/iproute2/rt_tables";
if [ `grep "ISP0" $rt_tables|grep -v grep|wc -l` -eq 0 ];
then
echo "1 ISP0" >> $rt_tables
fi;

if [ `grep "ISP1" $rt_tables|grep -v grep|wc -l` -eq 0 ];
then
echo "2 ISP1" >> $rt_tables
fi;

#Ifconfig
ifconfig $isp0_iface $isp0_ip netmask $isp0_netmask up
ifconfig $isp1_iface $isp1_ip netmask $isp1_netmask up

#Create routes
ip route add $isp0_network dev $isp0_iface src $isp0_ip table ISP0
ip route add default via $isp0_gw table ISP0
ip route add $isp1_network dev $isp1_iface src $isp1_ip table ISP1
ip route add default via $isp1_gw table ISP1

#Rules
ip rule add from $isp0_ip table ISP0
ip rule add from $isp1_ip table ISP1

#Load balancing
ip route add default scope global nexthop via $isp0_gw dev $isp0_iface weight 1 \
nexthop via $isp1_gw dev $isp1_iface weight 1

Скриптчето може да се изтегли и от тук: create_multipe_uplinks.sh

perror е конзолно приложение от пакета MySQL което има за цел да извежда грешките по зададен "номер на грешка". На всеки се е случвало в MySQL да получи грешка  и да се чуди какво означава "Got error 29 … (Errcode: 24) …". Повечето хора веднага започват да търся в google какво означава това, но благодарение на perror това не е необходимо. От терминала си просто изпълнете perror с аргумент номера на грешката и ще получите отговор какъв е проблема в MySQL(не в MySQL, а какво не е конфигурирано правилно в MySQL).
Пример за за използване на perror за търсене на грешка с номер 28 :

# perror 28
OS error code  28:  No space left on device

От отговора на perror става ясно къде е проблема. решението ставям на вас

За мое и ваше улеснение ще предоставя номерата на грешките и техните описания според perror:

OS error code   1:  Operation not permitted
OS error code   2:  No such file or directory
OS error code   3:  No such process
OS error code   4:  Interrupted system call
OS error code   5:  Input/output error
OS error code   6:  No such device or address
OS error code   7:  Argument list too long
OS error code   8:  Exec format error
OS error code   9:  Bad file descriptor
OS error code  10:  No child processes
OS error code  11:  Resource temporarily unavailable
OS error code  12:  Cannot allocate memory
OS error code  13:  Permission denied
OS error code  14:  Bad address
OS error code  15:  Block device required
OS error code  16:  Device or resource busy
OS error code  17:  File exists
OS error code  18:  Invalid cross-device link
OS error code  19:  No such device
OS error code  20:  Not a directory
OS error code  21:  Is a directory
OS error code  22:  Invalid argument
OS error code  23:  Too many open files in system
OS error code  24:  Too many open files
OS error code  25:  Inappropriate ioctl for device
OS error code  26:  Text file busy
OS error code  27:  File too large
OS error code  28:  No space left on device
OS error code  29:  Illegal seek
OS error code  30:  Read-only file system
OS error code  31:  Too many links
OS error code  32:  Broken pipe
OS error code  33:  Numerical argument out of domain
OS error code  34:  Numerical result out of range
OS error code  35:  Resource deadlock avoided
OS error code  36:  File name too long
OS error code  37:  No locks available
OS error code  38:  Function not implemented
OS error code  39:  Directory not empty
OS error code  40:  Too many levels of symbolic links
OS error code  42:  No message of desired type
OS error code  43:  Identifier removed
OS error code  44:  Channel number out of range
OS error code  45:  Level 2 not synchronized
OS error code  46:  Level 3 halted
OS error code  47:  Level 3 reset
OS error code  48:  Link number out of range
OS error code  49:  Protocol driver not attached
OS error code  50:  No CSI structure available
OS error code  51:  Level 2 halted
OS error code  52: Invalid exchange
OS error code  53:  Invalid request descriptor
OS error code  54:  Exchange full
OS error code  55:  No anode
OS error code  56:  Invalid request code
OS error code  57:  Invalid slot
OS error code  59:  Bad font file format
OS error code  60:  Device not a stream
OS error code  61:  No data available
OS error code  62:  Timer expired
OS error code  63:  Out of streams resources
OS error code  64:  Machine is not on the network
OS error code  65:  Package not installed
OS error code  66:  Object is remote
OS error code  67:  Link has been severed
OS error code  68:  Advertise error
OS error code  69:  Srmount error
OS error code  70:  Communication error on send
OS error code  71:  Protocol error
OS error code  72:  Multihop attempted
OS error code  73:  RFS specific error
OS error code  74:  Bad message
OS error code  75:  Value too large for defined data type
OS error code  76:  Name not unique on network
OS error code  77:  File descriptor in bad state
OS error code  78:  Remote address changed
OS error code  79:  Can not access a needed shared library
OS error code  80:  Accessing a corrupted shared library
OS error code  81:  .lib section in a.out corrupted
OS error code  82:  Attempting to link in too many shared libraries
OS error code  83:  Cannot exec a shared library directly
OS error code  84:  Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character
OS error code  85:  Interrupted system call should be restarted
OS error code  86:  Streams pipe error
OS error code  87:  Too many users
OS error code  88:  Socket operation on non-socket
OS error code  89:  Destination address required
OS error code  90:  Message too long
OS error code  91:  Protocol wrong type for socket
OS error code  92:  Protocol not available
OS error code  93:  Protocol not supported
OS error code  94:  Socket type not supported
OS error code  95:  Operation not supported
OS error code  96:  Protocol family not supported
OS error code  97:  Address family not supported by protocol
OS error code  98:  Address already in use
OS error code  99:  Cannot assign requested address
OS error code 100:  Network is down
OS error code 101:  Network is unreachable
OS error code 102:  Network dropped connection on reset
OS error code 103:  Software caused connection abort
OS error code 104:  Connection reset by peer
OS error code 105:  No buffer space available
OS error code 106:  Transport endpoint is already connected
OS error code 107:  Transport endpoint is not connected
OS error code 108:  Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown
OS error code 109:  Too many references: cannot splice
OS error code 110:  Connection timed out
OS error code 111:  Connection refused
OS error code 112:  Host is down
OS error code 113:  No route to host
OS error code 114:  Operation already in progress
OS error code 115:  Operation now in progress
OS error code 116:  Stale NFS file handle
OS error code 117:  Structure needs cleaning
OS error code 118:  Not a XENIX named type file
OS error code 119:  No XENIX semaphores available
OS error code 120:  Is a named type file
OS error code 121:  Remote I/O error
OS error code 122:  Disk quota exceeded
OS error code 123:  No medium found
OS error code 124:  Wrong medium type
OS error code 125:  Operation canceled
MySQL error code 126: Index file is crashed
MySQL error code 127: Record-file is crashed
MySQL error code 128: Out of memory
MySQL error code 130: Incorrect file format
MySQL error code 131: Command not supported by database
MySQL error code 132: Old database file
MySQL error code 133: No record read before update
MySQL error code 134: Record was already deleted (or record file crashed)
MySQL error code 135: No more room in record file
MySQL error code 136: No more room in index file
MySQL error code 137: No more records (read after end of file)
MySQL error code 138: Unsupported extension used for table
MySQL error code 139: Too big row
MySQL error code 140: Wrong create options
MySQL error code 141: Duplicate unique key or constraint on write or update
MySQL error code 142: Unknown character set used
MySQL error code 143: Conflicting table definitions in sub-tables of MERGE table
MySQL error code 144: Table is crashed and last repair failed
MySQL error code 145: Table was marked as crashed and should be repaired
MySQL error code 146: Lock timed out; Retry transaction
MySQL error code 147: Lock table is full;  Restart program with a larger locktable
MySQL error code 148: Updates are not allowed under a read only transactions
MySQL error code 149: Lock deadlock; Retry transaction
MySQL error code 150: Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed
MySQL error code 151: Cannot add a child row
MySQL error code 152: Cannot delete a parent row

Днес, един от клиентите ни е в Лондон и не можеше да изпрати писмо през smtp (Outlook Express). За целта ми се обади и разгледах случая. Оказа се, че при доставчика му пишеше:

To protect you and our network, we restrict access to port 25 on our Mobile Broadband network.

If you use email software such as Outlook or Vista Mail and your email provider uses Port 25 for outgoing mail, you will need to change your port or SMTP server when connected to our broadband network.

Errors you might see when trying to send email over Port 25 on our network include: SMTP 554 Transact Failed -- Transaction failed; Port 25 error; The connection to the server has failed- Error Number: 0×800CCC0E; or the sending of email will time out.

If you have one of these error messages the best option is to change the outgoing email port from 25 to 587. It is possible that your email provider does not support port 587 -- in which case you should try port 465 as an alternative.

Changing the port number on Outlook Express

Наложи се да добавя още един порт в случая 587 за outgoing smtp

Ето как става най- лесно:

Файл /etc/postfix/master.cf
587      inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd